可以用二维数组定义a和b两个，分别对应雅号和名字。

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h> 
#include<math.h>


int main(){
	char a[8][20]={"shi xian","shi sheng","shi kuang","shi mo","shi fo","shi gui","shi shen","shi hao"};
	char b[8][20]={"li bai","du fu","he zhi zhang","bai ju yi","wang wei","li he","su shi","liu yu xi"};
	char s[50];
	fgets(s,50,stdin);
	s[strcspn(s,"\n")]=0;
	int i;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	if(!strcmp(s,a[i])){printf("%s",b[i]);return 0;}
    return 0;
}